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Years ago, medical physicians used to have to treat conditions related to the mouth as well as other areas of the body, such as tooth decay and gum disease. Some parts of medical and dental study still overlap, but dentistry is now its own recognised science.

General dentistry is the study and practice of preventing, diagnosing and treating oral health conditions and diseases of the mouth, teeth and gums. These dentists are often recognised as the “gatekeepers” of oral health care who also strive to educate and inform the public about the importance of their oral hygiene for general health and wellbeing.

General dentists do not necessarily perform complex dental surgeries or have expertise in particular dental techniques, such as Orthodontics, Periodontics, or Cosmetic Surgery. However, general dentists may provide dental treatments that are preventative, maintaining or restorative, like fillings and crowns.

Dental experts will choose a branch of oral medicine to dedicate their study and experience in, such as Endodontists, who have expertise in understanding and treating the inner-functions of the teeth, such as root canal therapy.

The General Dental Council have identified thirteen dental expert areas, which include: Oral Medicine and Surgery; Dental Public Health; Oral Microbiology; Maxillofacial Pathology and Radiology; Oral Pathology; Dental Radiology; Restorative Dentistry; Orthodontics; Prosthodontics; Endodontics; Periodontics and Pediatric Dentistry.

These expert areas differ from General Dentistry in their focus, their training, their scope of treatment and practice. General dental practitioners register with the General Dental Council (GDC) to practice dentistry in the UK after completing the Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS or BChD) qualification. Once advanced specialist training is completed, dental specialists have to apply for a certificate before they are placed on the General Dental Council’s specialist list.